Barrett Zlotoff

Are You Confident of the Diagnosis? What you should be alert for in the history Tufted angioma (TA) is a vascular tumor that is less common than entities such as infantile hemangioma (IH), port wine stains, and venous malformations; however, the diagnosis should be considered in the differential of slowly growing vascular tumors that present…

Are You Confident of the Diagnosis? Characteristic findings on physical examination Spindle cell hemangiomas (SCH) present as slowly growing, vascular-appearing, solitary or multiple, dermal or subcutaneous nodules with a preference for the distal extremities. Deeper lesions may appear skin-colored, but superficial SCH are frequently blue. Both may contain phleboliths, which are palpated as hard palpable…

Are You Confident of the Diagnosis? Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common benign tumors of childhood. Most are localized, discrete, tumor-like lesions with a relatively low risk of associated complications. Less commonly, IH are of “segmental” morphology. Segmental IH are generally larger and involve characteristic, patterned regions or territories that are further discussed below.…

Are You Confident of the Diagnosis? Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by the presence of congenital melanocytic nevi and melanosis within the central nervous system, most commonly involving leptomeninges but in some cases involving the brain parenchyma. NCM is present at birth and is not the result of metastatic spread from…

Are You Confident of the Diagnosis? What you should be alert for in the history Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is an uncommon to rare vascular tumor. The diagnosis of KHE should be considered in rapidly or slowly growing vascular tumors presenting in early childhood, or in patients with red-brown stain-like areas with induration (another relatively common…